Absolute FreeBSD, 2nd Edition

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The Complete Guide to FreeBSD

By Michael W. Lucas

Publisher: No Starch Press

Released: November 2007

Pages: 736

FreeBSD—the powerful, flexible, and free Unix-like operating system—is the preferred server for many enterprises. But it can be even trickier to use than either Unix or Linux, and harder still to master.

Absolute FreeBSD, 2nd Edition is your complete guide to FreeBSD, written by FreeBSD committer Michael W. Lucas. Lucas considers this completely revised and rewritten second edition of his landmark work to be his best work ever; a true product of his love for FreeBSD and the support of the FreeBSD community. Absolute FreeBSD, 2nd Edition covers installation, networking, security, network services, system performance, kernel tweaking, filesystems, SMP, upgrading, crash debugging, and much more, including coverage of how to:

Use advanced security features like packet filtering, virtual machines, and host-based intrusion detection
Build custom live FreeBSD CDs and bootable flash
Manage network services and filesystems
Use DNS and set up email, IMAP, web, and FTP services for both servers and clients
Monitor your system with performance-testing and troubleshooting tools
Run diskless systems
Manage schedulers, remap shared libraries, and optimize your system for your hardware and your workload
Build custom network appliances with embedded FreeBSD
Implement redundant disks, even without special hardware
Integrate FreeBSD-specific SNMP into your network management system.

Whether you're just getting started with FreeBSD or you've been using it for years, you'll find this book to be the definitive guide to FreeBSD that you've been waiting for.

Chapter 1 GETTING MORE HELP
1. Why Not Just Email for Help?
2. Man Pages
3. FreeBSD.org
4. Other Websites
5. Using FreeBSD Problem-Solving Resources
6. Emailing for Help
Chapter 2 INSTALLING FREEBSD
1. FreeBSD Hardware
2. Preinstall Decisions
3. The FreeBSD FTP Site
4. The Install Process
5. Preparing Boot Floppies
6. Preparing Boot CDs
7. FTP Media Setup
8. Actually Installing FreeBSD
9. Restart!
Chapter 3 START ME UP! THE BOOT PROCESS
1. Power-On and the Loader
2. Single-User Mode
3. The Loader Prompt
4. Default Files
5. Loader Configuration
6. Serial Consoles
7. Startup Messages
8. Multi-User Startup
Chapter 4 READ THIS BEFORE YOU BREAK SOMETHING ELSE!(BACKUP AND RECOVERY)
1. System Backups
2. Backup Tapes
3. Backup Programs
4. tar
5. dump
6. Restoring from a dump
7. Multiple Backups on One Tape
8. Revision Control
9. Recording What Happened
10. The Fixit Disk
Chapter 5 KERNEL GAMES
1. What Is the Kernel?
2. sysctl
3. Kernel Modules
4. Build Your Own Kernel
5. Trimming a Kernel
6. Building a Kernel
7. Inclusions, Exclusions, and Expanding the Kernel
8. Sharing Kernels
9. Testing Kernels Remotely
10. Kernel Stuff You Should Know About
Chapter 6 THE NETWORK
1. Network Layers
2. The Network in Practice
3. Getting Bits and Hexes
4. Remedial TCP/IP
5. Understanding Ethernet
6. Configuring Your Ethernet Connection
7. Network Activity
8. Optimizing Network Performance
9. Network Adapter Teaming
Chapter 7 SECURING YOUR SYSTEM
1. Who Is the Enemy?
2. FreeBSD Security Announcements
3. User Security
4. Shells and /etc/shells
5. root, Groups, and Management
6. Tweaking User Security
7. File Flags
8. Securelevels
9. Network Targets
10. Putting It All Together
Chapter 8 DISKS AND FILESYSTEMS
1. Disk Drives 101
2. Device Nodes
3. The Filesystem Table: /etc/fstab
4. What's Mounted Now?
5. Mounting and Unmounting Disks
6. How Full Is a Partition?
7. The Fast File System
8. Using Foreign Filesystems
9. Removable Media Filesystems
10. Other FreeBSD Filesystems
11. Wiring Down Devices
12. Adding New Hard Disks
13. Network Filesystems
14. FreeBSD and CIFS
15. Serving CIFS Shares
16. devfs
Chapter 9 Advanced Security Features
1. Unprivileged Users
2. Network Traffic Control
3. Default Accept vs. Default Deny
4. TCP Wrappers
5. Packet Filtering
6. Public Key Encryption
7. Jails
8. Preparing for Intrusions with mtree(1)
9. Monitoring System Security
10. If You're Hacked
Chapter 10 EXPLORING /ETC
1. /etc Across Unix Species
2. /etc/adduser.conf
3. /etc/amd.map
4. /etc/bluetooth, /etc/bluetooth.device.conf, and /etc/defaults/bluetooth.device.conf
5. /etc/crontab
6. /etc/csh.*
7. /etc/devd.conf
8. /etc/devfs.conf, /etc/devfs.rules, and /etc/defaults/devfs.rules
9. /etc/dhclient.conf
10. /etc/disktab
11. /etc/freebsd-update.conf
12. /etc/fstab
13. /etc/ftp.*
14. /etc/group
15. /etc/hosts
16. /etc/hosts.allow
17. /etc/hosts.equiv
18. /etc/hosts.lpd
19. /etc/inetd.conf
20. /etc/localtime
21. /etc/locate.rc
22. /etc/login.*
23. /etc/mail/mailer.conf
24. /etc/make.conf
25. /etc/master.passwd
26. /etc/motd
27. /etc/mtree
28. /etc/namedb
29. /etc/netstart
30. /etc/network.subr
31. /etc/newsyslog.conf
32. /etc/nscd.conf
33. /etc/nsmb.conf
34. /etc/nsswitch.conf
35. /etc/opie*
36. /etc/pam.d/*
37. /etc/pccard_ether
38. /etc/periodic.conf and /etc/defaults/periodic.conf
39. /etc/pf.conf
40. /etc/pf.os
41. /etc/phones
42. /etc/portsnap.conf
43. /etc/ppp
44. /etc/printcap
45. /etc/profile
46. /etc/protocols
47. /etc/rc*
48. /etc/remote
49. /etc/rpc
50. /etc/security/
51. /etc/services
52. /etc/shells
53. /etc/snmpd.config
54. /etc/src.conf
55. /etc/sysctl.conf
56. /etc/syslog.conf
57. /etc/termcap
58. /etc/ttys
Chapter 11 MAKING YOUR SYSTEM USEFUL
1. Making Software
2. Source Code and Software
3. The Ports and Packages System
4. Finding Software
5. Using Packages
6. Using Ports
7. Ports and Package Security
Chapter 12 ADVANCED SOFTWARE MANAGEMENT
1. Using Multiple Processors: SMP
2. Schedulers
3. Startup and Shutdown Scripts
4. Managing Shared Libraries
5. Threads, Threads, and More Threads
6. Userland Threading Libraries
7. Remapping Shared Libraries
8. Running Software from the Wrong OS
9. Using Linux Mode
10. Running Software from the Wrong Architecture
Chapter 13 UPGRADING FREEBSD
1. FreeBSD Versions
2. Upgrade Methods
3. Binary Updates
4. Upgrading via sysinstall
5. Upgrading via Source
6. Building FreeBSD from Source
7. Shrinking FreeBSD
8. Updating with csup and make
9. Cross-Building FreeBSD
10. Building a Local CVSup Server
11. Upgrading the Ports Collection
12. Updating Installed Ports
Chapter 14 THE INTERNET ROAD MAP: DNS
1. How DNS Works
2. Basic DNS Tools
3. Configuring the Resolver
4. Local DNS Overrides with /etc/hosts
5. Building a Nameserver
6. Configuring BIND with named.conf
7. Managing named
8. Checking DNS
9. Nameserver Security
10. More on BIND
Chapter 15 Small System Services
1. SSH
2. Network Time
3. Name Service Switching and Caching
4. inetd
5. DHCP
6. Printing and Print Servers
7. TFTP
8. Scheduling Tasks
Chapter 16 SPAM, WORMS, AND VIRUSES (PLUS EMAIL, IF YOU INSIST)
1. Email Overview
2. Sendmail
3. Configuring Sendmail
4. Virtual Domains
5. Changing sendmail.cf
6. Greylisting
7. Sendmail Authentication with SASL
8. IMAP and POP3
Chapter 17 WEB AND FTP SERVICES
1. How a Web Server Works
2. The Apache Web Server
3. Apache Modules
4. Directories and Permissions
5. Including Other Configuration Files
6. Virtual Hosting
7. HTTPS Websites
8. Controlling Apache
9. File Transfer
10. Chrooting sftp(1) and scp(1)
Chapter 18 DISK TRICKS WITH GEOM
1. GEOM Essentials
2. Disk Drives 102
3. Slicing Disks
4. Building Filesystems
5. RAID
6. Generic GEOM Commands
7. Striping Disks
8. Mirroring Disks
9. RAID-3
10. RAID-10
11. Journaling Filesystems with gjournal(8)
12. Filesystem Encryption
13. Disk Device Network Exports
14. Mirroring Disks Across the Network
Chapter 19 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE AND MONITORING
1. Computer Resources
2. Checking the Network
3. General Bottleneck Analysis with vmstat(8)
4. Disk I/O
5. CPU, Memory, and I/O with top(1)
6. Following Processes
7. Paging and Swapping
8. Performance Tuning
9. Status Mail
10. Logging with syslogd
11. Log File Management
12. FreeBSD and SNMP
Chapter 20 THE FRINGE OF FREEBSD
1. /etc/ttys
2. Diskless FreeBSD
3. Diskless Farm Configuration
4. The /conf/default Directory
5. Diskless Packages and Files
6. NanoBSD: Building Your Own Appliances
7. Live Media with FreeSBIE
Chapter 21 SYSTEM (AND SYSADMIN)PANICS AND CRASHES
1. What Causes Panics?
2. Recognizing Panics
3. Responding to a Panic
4. When Panic Strikes: Manual Crash Dumps
5. Using the Dump
6. Submitting Problem Reports

AFTERWORD
SOME INTERESTING SYSCTL MIBS
COLOPHON

Title:

Absolute FreeBSD, 2nd Edition

By:

Michael W. Lucas

Publisher:

No Starch Press

Formats:

Print
Ebook
Safari Books Online

Print:

November 2007

Ebook:

August 2009

Pages:

736

Print ISBN:

978-1-59327-151-0

| ISBN 10:

1-59327-151-4

Ebook ISBN:

978-1-59327-221-0

| ISBN 10:

1-59327-221-9

Description

Table of Contents

Product Details

Recommended for You

Chapter 1 GETTING MORE HELP

Why Not Just Email for Help?

Man Pages

FreeBSD.org

Other Websites

Using FreeBSD Problem-Solving Resources

Emailing for Help

Chapter 2 INSTALLING FREEBSD

FreeBSD Hardware

Preinstall Decisions

The FreeBSD FTP Site

The Install Process

Preparing Boot Floppies

Preparing Boot CDs

FTP Media Setup

Actually Installing FreeBSD

Restart!

Chapter 3 START ME UP! THE BOOT PROCESS

Power-On and the Loader

Single-User Mode

The Loader Prompt

Default Files

Loader Configuration

Serial Consoles

Startup Messages

Multi-User Startup

Chapter 4 READ THIS BEFORE YOU BREAK SOMETHING ELSE!(BACKUP AND RECOVERY)

System Backups

Backup Tapes

Backup Programs

tar

dump

Restoring from a dump

Multiple Backups on One Tape

Revision Control

Recording What Happened

The Fixit Disk

Chapter 5 KERNEL GAMES

What Is the Kernel?

sysctl

Kernel Modules

Build Your Own Kernel

Trimming a Kernel

Building a Kernel

Inclusions, Exclusions, and Expanding the Kernel

Sharing Kernels

Testing Kernels Remotely

Kernel Stuff You Should Know About

Chapter 6 THE NETWORK

Network Layers

The Network in Practice

Getting Bits and Hexes

Remedial TCP/IP

Understanding Ethernet

Configuring Your Ethernet Connection

Network Activity

Optimizing Network Performance

Network Adapter Teaming

Chapter 7 SECURING YOUR SYSTEM

Who Is the Enemy?

FreeBSD Security Announcements

User Security

Shells and /etc/shells

root, Groups, and Management

Tweaking User Security

File Flags

Securelevels

Network Targets

Putting It All Together

Chapter 8 DISKS AND FILESYSTEMS

Disk Drives 101

Device Nodes

The Filesystem Table: /etc/fstab

What's Mounted Now?

Mounting and Unmounting Disks

How Full Is a Partition?

The Fast File System

Using Foreign Filesystems

Removable Media Filesystems

Other FreeBSD Filesystems